Phil Morehart writes: “As far back as the 1930s, Black librarians would gather in hotel rooms at ALA conferences to discuss the injustices they experienced at work and the lack of leadership opportunities for them. At the suggestion of children’s librarian, educator, and activist Effie Lee Morris, Black librarians met at ALA’s 1968 Annual Conference to discuss their concerns about not having a voice in the Association. At a meeting the following year, the Black Caucus was formed to address these concerns, and in 1970 the Black Caucus of the American Library Association was founded by Morris, E. J. Josey, Thomas E. Alford Sr., and others.”