“We have been grappling with questions about the impact of library public programs since 2014. That is when we and other colleagues at ALA and Knology (a social science research organization) launched the National Impact of Library Public Programs Assessment (NILPPA). Phase 1 (2017–2019) yielded a conceptual framework for categorizing public programs offered by US libraries and the first-ever competency framework for designing and running public programs at libraries.” Phase 2 (2021–present) focuses on assessing work with partner organizations and generating sets of behaviors and events that could serve as indicators of impact.